CyclinD1 and p57kip2 as biomarkers in differentiation, metastasis and prognosis of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma

OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the expression and significance of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). p57kip2 is a negative regulator in the cell cycle. On the contrary, cyclinD1 is a positive regulator of cell cycle progression. METHODS Thirty-two cases of GCA tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected for this study. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence qualitative PCR was used to determine the level of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 in GCA and its adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Furthermore, the correlation between the mRNA/protein and GCA clinical pathologic parameters were analyzed, and the relationship of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 in GCA were also evaluated. RESULTS The expression of p57kip2 significantly lower in GCA (P = 0.036), and there was a significant correlation in the different degrees of differentiation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, median survival time was 41 months for patients with high mRNA expression of p57kip2. This was longer compared to patients with low mRNA expression of P57kip2 (37 months, X2 = 4.788, P = 0.029).The expression of cyclinD1 was significantly higher in GCA(P = 0.002), and was significant correlated to clinical stage(P<0.05). Median survival time was 34 months in patients with high mRNA expression of cyclinD1, which was shorter than in patients with low expression of cyclinD1 mRNA (41 months, X2 = 4.071, P = 0.044). The protein expression of p57kip2 was not correlated to the protein expression of cyclinD1 (P = 0.55). CONCLUSION The expression of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 are likely to suppress or promote the tumorigenesis and progression of GCA.